Microorganismos xerófilos cultivables de la zona semiárida de la Tatacoa (Colombia).
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Aug 23, 2021
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Bolivar Torres, H., Méndez , Y., Sánchez Nieves, J., Leal , M., & Ruiz , E. (2021). Microorganismos xerófilos cultivables de la zona semiárida de la Tatacoa (Colombia). NOVA, 19(36). Recuperado a partir de https://revistas.unicolmayor.edu.co/index.php/nova/article/view/1773
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Autores
Hermes Hernán Bolivar Torres
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5700-8199
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5700-8199
Yael Natalia Méndez
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6306-7737
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6306-7737
Jimena Sánchez Nieves
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8141-7056
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8141-7056
María Angélica Leal
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6903-4132
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6903-4132
Elkin Marcelo Ruiz
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3103-7768
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3103-7768
Resumen
Introducción. Los microorganismos xerófilos han adquirido una mayor relevancia para la realización de investigaciones relacionadas con sus mecanismos adaptativos frente al estrés hídrico, así como la caracterización e identificación de sus hábitats. En Colombia, las zonas semiáridas y desérticas como el desierto de la Tatacoa han sido poco estudiadas a nivel microbiano. Objetivo. Aislar y caracterizar microorganismos xerófilos provenientes del suelo de la zona semiárida de la Tatacoa del departamento del Huila (Colombia). Materiales y métodos. Se colectaron muestras en los sectores denominados localmente como Cuzco y La Victoria, las cuales fueron procesadas para el aislamiento de microorganismos xerófilos en medio selectivo M40Y para posterior caracterización macro y microscópica, así como evaluación mediante pruebas bioquímicas para la utilización de sustratos. Resultados. Fueron aislados 29 morfotipos entre los cuales se pudieron diferenciar: Bacilos y cocos Gram positivos presentes exclusivamente en el sector del Cuzco y bacterias filamentosas ramificadas (actinobacterias) únicamente en el sector de La Victoria. Se estableció la presencia de los géneros Streptomyces, Micrococcus y Corynebacterium. Conclusiones. La presencia de microorganismos relacionados con los géneros anteriormente mencionados permitirá comprender las posibles interacciones que se presentan en este ecosistema, lo que aportará al desarrollo de este lugar como un posible análogo para estudios de búsqueda de vida en otros planetas como Marte. Además, incentivar estudios más detallados donde se puedan recuperar microorganismos que sean de utilidad para diferentes procesos biotecnológicos.
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NOVA por http://www.unicolmayor.edu.co/publicaciones/index.php/nova se distribuye bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivar 4.0 Internacional.
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17. Direito S, Ehrenfreund P, Marees A, Staats M, Foing B, Roling W. A wide variety of putative extremophiles and large beta-diversity at the mars desert research station (utah). International Journal of Astrobiology. 2011; 10(3): 191-207. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1473550411000012
18. Montero-Calasanz M, Goker M, Potter G, Rohde M, Sproer C, Schumann P, et al. Geodermatophilus arenarius sp. nov., a xerophilic actinomycete isolated from Saharan desert sand in Chad. Extremophiles. 2012; 16(6): 903-909. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-012-0486-4
19. Mohammadipanah F, Wink J. Actinobacteria from arid and desert habitats: diversity and biological activity. Frontiers in microbiology. 2016; 6: 1541. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01541
20. Kurapova A, Zenova G, Sudnitsyn I. Thermotolerant and thermophilic actinomycetes from soils of Mongolia desert steppe zone,Microbiology. 2012;81: 98-108. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0026261712010092
21. Taketani R, Kavamura V, Dos Santos S. Diversity and Technological Aspects of Microorganisms from Semiarid Environments. Diversity and Benefits of Microorganisms from the Tropics. 2017: 3-19. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-55804-2_1
22. Cowan DA, Hopkins DW, Jones BE, Maggs-Kölling G, Majewska R, Ramond J-B. Microbiomics of Namib Desert habitats. Extremophiles [Internet]. 2020;24(1):17–29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-019-01122-7
23. Belov A, Cheptsov V, Vorobyova EA, Manucharova NA. Culturable Bacterial Communities Isolated from Cryo-Arid Soils : Phylogenetic Culturable Bacterial Communities Isolated from Cryo-Arid Soils : Phylogenetic and Physiological Characteristics. 2020;54(8): 95-104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0031030120080043
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25. Florez M, Parra L, Jaramillo D, Jaramillo J. Paleosuelos del mioceno en el desierto de la tatacoa. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. 2013; 37(143): 229-244. https://doi.org/10.18257/raccefyn.6
26. Méndez YN. Identificación de bacterias nativas del desierto de Candelaria y Tatacoa (Colombia), sometidas a simulación de la radiación UV de Marte. Bogotá: Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad de los Andes; 2013. http://biblioteca.uniandes.edu.co/acepto22013220.php?id=3425.pdf
27. Guerrero J. Stratigraphy and sedimentary environments of the Honda Group in the La Venta area. Miocene uplift of the Colombian Andes. En: Kay R, Madden R, Cifelli R, Flynn J. A history of Neotropical Fauna: Vertebrate Paleobiology of the Miocene of Tropical South America,, Washington D.C: Smithsonian Institution Press; 1994. p. 592. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313608799_Stratigraphy_Sedimentary_Environments_and_the_Miocene_Uplift_of_the_Colombian_Andes
28. Hermelin M. The Tatacoa Desert. En: Hermelin M. Landscapes and landforms of Colombia. New York: Springer; 2016. p. 127-138. https://www.springer.com/de/book/9783319117997
29. Goodfellow M, Peter K, Busse H, Trujillo M, Ludwig W, Suzuki K. Part A. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology: Volume 5: The Actinobacteria. New York: Springer; 2012. https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9780387950433
30. Winn W, Koneman E, Koneman W, Procop E, Schreckenberger G, Woods P, et al. Koneman diagnostico microbiológico: texto y atlas en color. Bogotá D.C.: Editorial Médica Panamericana; 2008. https://books.google.com.co/books/about/Koneman_Diagnostico_Microbiologico_Micro.html?hl=es&id=jyVQueKro88C&redir_esc=y
31. Carroll K, Jorgensen J, Pfaller M. Manual of Clinical Microbiology, Washington D.C.: ASM Press; 2015. https://www.asmscience.org/content/book/10.1128/9781555817381
32. Bull A, Asenjo J. Microbiology of hyper-arid environments: recent insights from the Atacama Desert, Chile. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2013; 103(6): 1173-1179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-013-9911-7
33. Santos SN, Gacesa R, Taketani RG, Long PF, Melo IS. Genome Sequence of Streptomyces caatingaensis CMAA 1322, a New Abiotic Stress-Tolerant Actinomycete Isolated from Dried Lake Bed Sediment in the Brazilian Caatinga Biome. Genome announcements. 2015; 3(5): 1015-1020. https://mra.asm.org/content/3/5/e01020-15.short
34. Stevenson A, Hallsworth J. Water and temperature relations of soil actinobacteria. Environmental microbiology reports. 2014; 6(6): 744-755. https://doi.org/10.1128/genomea.01020-15
35. Zvyagintsev D, Zenova G, Doroshenko E, Gryadunova A, Gracheva T, Sudnitsyn I. Actinomycete growth in conditions of low moisture. Biology Bulletin. 2007; 34(3): 242-247. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359007030053
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