Desarticulando la evolución del lenguaje : Wittgenstein y los juegos de lenguaje con animales.
Artículo barra lateral
PDF
FLIP
HTML
Sección: Artículos
Cómo citar
Guevara Aristizábal, J. (2019). Desarticulando la evolución del lenguaje : Wittgenstein y los juegos de lenguaje con animales. Tabula Rasa, (32), 57-80. https://doi.org/10.25058/20112742.n32.04
Formatos de citación
Contenido principal del artículo
Autores
Juan Felipe Guevara Aristizábal
Resumen
Las relaciones que por medio de la ciencia entablamos con los animales están condicionadas por unos presupuestos conceptuales que limitan el desarrollo de intercambios significativos en el lenguaje. Así, la evolución del lenguaje, ya sea producto de los genes o del aprendizaje y la cultura, habla de la facultad del lenguaje en lugar de explorar los usos concretos e idiosincráticos del mismo. Por medio de la filosofía tardía de Ludwig Wittgenstein, en especial sus conceptos de juegos de lenguaje y formas de vida, pretendo argumentar que la caracterización del lenguaje como una facultad reduce el alcance de las relaciones que se pueden establecer con otras especies en el lenguaje. Una concepción más amplia del lenguaje habrá de favorecer el reconocimiento del entretejido que forman humanos y animales. El pensamiento de Wittgenstein se convierte en una oportunidad para propiciar encuentros en las fronteras de las formas de lenguaje humanas sin abandonarlas.
Palabras clave:
Detalles del artículo
Referencias
Beer, G. (2009). Darwin’s Plots. Evolutionary Narrative in Darwin, George Eliot and Nineteenth-Century Fiction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Brakke, K. E., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1995). The development of language skills in bonobo and chimpanzee -- I. Comprehension. Language & Communication, 15(2), 121–148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0271-5309(95)00001-7
Budiansky, S. (1998). If a Lion Could Talk. Nueva York: The Free Press.
Cavell, S. (1988). Declining Decline: Wittgenstein as a Philosopher of Culture. Inquiry, 31(3), 253-264.
Chater, N., Reali, F. & Christiansen, M. H. (2009). Restrictions on biological adaptation in language evolution. PNAS, 106(4), 1015-1020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0807191106
Chomsky, N. (2006). Language and Mind. Nueva York: Cambridge University Press.
Chomsky, N. (2000). New Horizons in the Study of Language and Mind. Nueva York: Cambridge University Press.
Christiansen, M. H. & Kirby, S. (2003a). Language Evolution: The Hardest Problem in Science? En Christiansen, M. H., & Kirby, S. (Eds.), Language Evolution. (pp. 1-15). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Christiansen, M. H., & Kirby, S. (2003b). Language evolution: consensus and controversies. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7(7), 300-307. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(03)00136-0
Dor, D., & Jablonka, E. (2010). Plasticity and Canalization in the Evolution of Linguistic Communication: An Evolutionary Developmental Approach. En Larson, R. K., Déprez, V., & Yamakido, H. (Eds.), The Evolution of Human Language (pp. 135-147). Nueva York: Cambridge University PressDor, D., & Jablonka, E. (2001). How Language Changed the Genes: Toward an Explicit Account of the Evolution of Language. En Trabant, J., & Ward, S. (Eds.), New Essays on the Origins of Language (pp. 149-176). Berlín: de Gruyter.
Dor, D., & Jablonka, E. (2000). From Cultural Selection to Genetic Selection: A Framework for the Evolution of Language. Selection, 1(1-3), 33-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/Select.1.2000.1-3.5
Ferguson, C. (2006). Language, Science and Popular Fiction in the Victorian Fin-de-Siècle. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Fisher, S. E., & Scharff, C. (2009). FOXP2 as a molecular window into speech and language. Trends in Genetics, 25(4), 166-177. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2009.03.002
Fitch, W. T. (2005). The Evolution of Language: A Comparative Review. Biology & Philosophy, 20(2-3), 193-203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10539-005-5597-1
Fitch, W. T., Hauser, M. D. & Chomsky, N. (2005). The evolution of the language faculty: Clarifications and implications. Cognition, 97(2), 179-210. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2005.02.005
Fitch, W. T., Huber, L., & Bugnyar, T. (2010). Social Cognition and the Evolution of Language: Constructing Cognitive Phylogenies. Neuron, 65(6), 795-814. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2010.03.011
Graham, S. A., & Fisher, S. E. (2013). Decoding the genetics of speech and language. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 23(1), 43-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2012.11.006
Groszer, M., Keays, D. A., Deacon, R. M. J., Ehret, G., Rawlins, J. N. P., Fisher, S. M.(2008). Impaired Synaptic Plasticity and Motor Learning in Mice with a Point Mutation Implicated in Human Speech Deficits. Current Biology, 18(5), 354–362. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.01.060
Hacker, P. M. S. (1997). Wittgenstein: On Human Nature. Londres: Phoenix.
Haesler, S., Rochefort, C., Georgi. B., Licznerski. P., Osten. P., Scharff. C. (2007).Incomplete and Inaccurate Vocal Imitation after Knockdown of FoxP2 in Songbird Basal Ganglia Nucleus Area X. PLoS Biology, 5(12), e321–e321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0050321.sg009
Hauser, M. D., & Fitch, W. T. (2003). What Are the Uniquely Human Components of the Language Faculty? En Christiansen, M. H., & Kirby, S. (Eds.), Language Evolution (pp. 158-181). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hauser, M. D., Chomsky, N., & Fitch, W. T. (2002). The faculty of language: what is it, who has it, and how did it evolve? Science, 298(5598), 1569–1579. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.298.5598.1569
Hearne, V. (2007). Adam’s Task. Calling Animals by Name. Nueva York: Skyhorse Publishing.
Heyn, E. T. (1904). Berlin’s Wonderful Horse. He Can Do Almost Anything but Talk - How He Was Taught. The New York Times September 4.
Humboldt, A. von. (2003). Cuadros de la naturaleza (B. Gines, trad.). Madrid: Los libros de la Catarata.
Hurst, J. A., Baraitser, M., Auger, E., Graham, F., Norell, S. (1990). An extended family with a dominantly inherited speech disorder. Developmental medicine and child neurology, 32(4), 352–355.
Jablonka, E., Ginsburg, S., & Dor, D. (2012). The co-evolution of language and emotions. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 367(1599), 2152–2159. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0117
Kirby, S., & Christiansen, M. H. (2003). From Language Learning to Language Evolution. En Christiansen, M. H., & Kirby, S. (Eds.), Language Evolution, (pp. 272-294). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kohn, E. (2013). How Forests Think. Toward an Anthropology Beyond the Human. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Lai, C., Fisher, S. E., Hurts, J. A., Vargha-Khadem, F. & Monaco, A. (2001). A forkheaddomain gene is mutated in a severe speech and language disorder. Nature, 413(6855), 519–523. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/35097076
Marcus, G. F., & Fisher, S. E. (2003). FOXP2 in focus: What can genes tell us about speech and language? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7(6), 257–262. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(03)00104-9
Pfungst, O. (1911). Clever Hans (The Horse of Mr. Von Osten): A Contribution to Experimental Animal and Human Psychology (C. Rahn, trad.). Nueva York: Henry Holt & Co.
Pinker, S. (2003). Language as an Adaptation to the Cognitive Niche. In Christiansen, M. H., & Kirby, S. (Eds.), Language Evolution (pp. 16-37). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Pinker, S., & Jackendoff, R. (2005). The faculty of language: what’s special about it? Cognition, 95(2), 201–236. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2004.08.004
Samhita, L., & Gross, H. J. (2013). The ‘Clever Hans Phenomenon’ Revisited. Communicative and Integrative Biology 6(1-3), 1-3.
Sandis, C. (2012). Understanding the Lion for Real. En Marques, A., & Venturinha, N. (Eds.), Knowledge, Language and Mind. Wittgenstein’s Thought in Progress (pp. 139-161). Berlín: de Gruyter.
Senghas, A. (2005). Language emergence: Clues from a new Bedouin sign language. Current Biology, 15(12), R463–R465. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2005.06.018
Senghas, A., & Coppola, M. (2001). Children creating language: how Nicaraguan sign language acquired a spatial grammar. Psychological Science: A journal of the American Psychological Society, 12(4), 323–328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00359
Senghas, A., Kita, S., & Özyürek, A. (2004). Children Creating Core Properties of Language: Evidence from an Emerging Sign Language in Nicaragua. Science, 305(5691), 1779–1782.
Tomasello, M. (2019). Becoming human: a theory of ontogeny. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
White, S. A., Fisher, S. E., Geschwind, D. H., Scharff, C. & Holy, T. E. (2006). Singing Mice, Songbirds, and More: Models for FOXP2 Function and Dysfunction in Human Speech and Language. Journal of Neuroscience, 26(41), 10376–10379. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3379-06.2006
Wittgenstein, L. (2017). Investigaciones filosóficas. Según la cuarta edición inglesa preparada por P. M. S. Hacker y J. Schulte (U. Moulines, trad.). México: IIF-Unam, Cenart.
Wittgenstein, L. (1968). Los cuadernos azul y marrón (F. Gracia Guillén, trad.). Madrid: Tecnos.
Wolfe, C. (2003). In the Shadow of Wittgenstein’s Lion: Language, Ethics, and the Question of the Animal. En Wolfe, C. (Ed.), Zoontologies: The question of the animal (pp. 1-58). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Brakke, K. E., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1995). The development of language skills in bonobo and chimpanzee -- I. Comprehension. Language & Communication, 15(2), 121–148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0271-5309(95)00001-7
Budiansky, S. (1998). If a Lion Could Talk. Nueva York: The Free Press.
Cavell, S. (1988). Declining Decline: Wittgenstein as a Philosopher of Culture. Inquiry, 31(3), 253-264.
Chater, N., Reali, F. & Christiansen, M. H. (2009). Restrictions on biological adaptation in language evolution. PNAS, 106(4), 1015-1020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0807191106
Chomsky, N. (2006). Language and Mind. Nueva York: Cambridge University Press.
Chomsky, N. (2000). New Horizons in the Study of Language and Mind. Nueva York: Cambridge University Press.
Christiansen, M. H. & Kirby, S. (2003a). Language Evolution: The Hardest Problem in Science? En Christiansen, M. H., & Kirby, S. (Eds.), Language Evolution. (pp. 1-15). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Christiansen, M. H., & Kirby, S. (2003b). Language evolution: consensus and controversies. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7(7), 300-307. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(03)00136-0
Dor, D., & Jablonka, E. (2010). Plasticity and Canalization in the Evolution of Linguistic Communication: An Evolutionary Developmental Approach. En Larson, R. K., Déprez, V., & Yamakido, H. (Eds.), The Evolution of Human Language (pp. 135-147). Nueva York: Cambridge University PressDor, D., & Jablonka, E. (2001). How Language Changed the Genes: Toward an Explicit Account of the Evolution of Language. En Trabant, J., & Ward, S. (Eds.), New Essays on the Origins of Language (pp. 149-176). Berlín: de Gruyter.
Dor, D., & Jablonka, E. (2000). From Cultural Selection to Genetic Selection: A Framework for the Evolution of Language. Selection, 1(1-3), 33-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/Select.1.2000.1-3.5
Ferguson, C. (2006). Language, Science and Popular Fiction in the Victorian Fin-de-Siècle. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Fisher, S. E., & Scharff, C. (2009). FOXP2 as a molecular window into speech and language. Trends in Genetics, 25(4), 166-177. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2009.03.002
Fitch, W. T. (2005). The Evolution of Language: A Comparative Review. Biology & Philosophy, 20(2-3), 193-203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10539-005-5597-1
Fitch, W. T., Hauser, M. D. & Chomsky, N. (2005). The evolution of the language faculty: Clarifications and implications. Cognition, 97(2), 179-210. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2005.02.005
Fitch, W. T., Huber, L., & Bugnyar, T. (2010). Social Cognition and the Evolution of Language: Constructing Cognitive Phylogenies. Neuron, 65(6), 795-814. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2010.03.011
Graham, S. A., & Fisher, S. E. (2013). Decoding the genetics of speech and language. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 23(1), 43-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2012.11.006
Groszer, M., Keays, D. A., Deacon, R. M. J., Ehret, G., Rawlins, J. N. P., Fisher, S. M.(2008). Impaired Synaptic Plasticity and Motor Learning in Mice with a Point Mutation Implicated in Human Speech Deficits. Current Biology, 18(5), 354–362. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.01.060
Hacker, P. M. S. (1997). Wittgenstein: On Human Nature. Londres: Phoenix.
Haesler, S., Rochefort, C., Georgi. B., Licznerski. P., Osten. P., Scharff. C. (2007).Incomplete and Inaccurate Vocal Imitation after Knockdown of FoxP2 in Songbird Basal Ganglia Nucleus Area X. PLoS Biology, 5(12), e321–e321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0050321.sg009
Hauser, M. D., & Fitch, W. T. (2003). What Are the Uniquely Human Components of the Language Faculty? En Christiansen, M. H., & Kirby, S. (Eds.), Language Evolution (pp. 158-181). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hauser, M. D., Chomsky, N., & Fitch, W. T. (2002). The faculty of language: what is it, who has it, and how did it evolve? Science, 298(5598), 1569–1579. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.298.5598.1569
Hearne, V. (2007). Adam’s Task. Calling Animals by Name. Nueva York: Skyhorse Publishing.
Heyn, E. T. (1904). Berlin’s Wonderful Horse. He Can Do Almost Anything but Talk - How He Was Taught. The New York Times September 4.
Humboldt, A. von. (2003). Cuadros de la naturaleza (B. Gines, trad.). Madrid: Los libros de la Catarata.
Hurst, J. A., Baraitser, M., Auger, E., Graham, F., Norell, S. (1990). An extended family with a dominantly inherited speech disorder. Developmental medicine and child neurology, 32(4), 352–355.
Jablonka, E., Ginsburg, S., & Dor, D. (2012). The co-evolution of language and emotions. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 367(1599), 2152–2159. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0117
Kirby, S., & Christiansen, M. H. (2003). From Language Learning to Language Evolution. En Christiansen, M. H., & Kirby, S. (Eds.), Language Evolution, (pp. 272-294). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kohn, E. (2013). How Forests Think. Toward an Anthropology Beyond the Human. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Lai, C., Fisher, S. E., Hurts, J. A., Vargha-Khadem, F. & Monaco, A. (2001). A forkheaddomain gene is mutated in a severe speech and language disorder. Nature, 413(6855), 519–523. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/35097076
Marcus, G. F., & Fisher, S. E. (2003). FOXP2 in focus: What can genes tell us about speech and language? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7(6), 257–262. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(03)00104-9
Pfungst, O. (1911). Clever Hans (The Horse of Mr. Von Osten): A Contribution to Experimental Animal and Human Psychology (C. Rahn, trad.). Nueva York: Henry Holt & Co.
Pinker, S. (2003). Language as an Adaptation to the Cognitive Niche. In Christiansen, M. H., & Kirby, S. (Eds.), Language Evolution (pp. 16-37). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Pinker, S., & Jackendoff, R. (2005). The faculty of language: what’s special about it? Cognition, 95(2), 201–236. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2004.08.004
Samhita, L., & Gross, H. J. (2013). The ‘Clever Hans Phenomenon’ Revisited. Communicative and Integrative Biology 6(1-3), 1-3.
Sandis, C. (2012). Understanding the Lion for Real. En Marques, A., & Venturinha, N. (Eds.), Knowledge, Language and Mind. Wittgenstein’s Thought in Progress (pp. 139-161). Berlín: de Gruyter.
Senghas, A. (2005). Language emergence: Clues from a new Bedouin sign language. Current Biology, 15(12), R463–R465. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2005.06.018
Senghas, A., & Coppola, M. (2001). Children creating language: how Nicaraguan sign language acquired a spatial grammar. Psychological Science: A journal of the American Psychological Society, 12(4), 323–328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00359
Senghas, A., Kita, S., & Özyürek, A. (2004). Children Creating Core Properties of Language: Evidence from an Emerging Sign Language in Nicaragua. Science, 305(5691), 1779–1782.
Tomasello, M. (2019). Becoming human: a theory of ontogeny. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
White, S. A., Fisher, S. E., Geschwind, D. H., Scharff, C. & Holy, T. E. (2006). Singing Mice, Songbirds, and More: Models for FOXP2 Function and Dysfunction in Human Speech and Language. Journal of Neuroscience, 26(41), 10376–10379. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3379-06.2006
Wittgenstein, L. (2017). Investigaciones filosóficas. Según la cuarta edición inglesa preparada por P. M. S. Hacker y J. Schulte (U. Moulines, trad.). México: IIF-Unam, Cenart.
Wittgenstein, L. (1968). Los cuadernos azul y marrón (F. Gracia Guillén, trad.). Madrid: Tecnos.
Wolfe, C. (2003). In the Shadow of Wittgenstein’s Lion: Language, Ethics, and the Question of the Animal. En Wolfe, C. (Ed.), Zoontologies: The question of the animal (pp. 1-58). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Horario: Lunes a Viernes: 8:00 a.m. a 5:00 p.m
