Descolonizar del conocimiento : una mise en place epistemográfica.

Decolonizing knowledge : an epistemographical mise en place.

En este artículo analizo y cartografío algunos de los varios problemas conceptuales y filosóficos pertinentes a los discursos relacionados con la «descolonización epistémica». Estas discusiones ocurren en un amplio espectro de disciplinas y muchas veces implican ambigüedades o desacuerdos abiertos sobre puntos fundamentales. Este artículo ofrece una explicación de porqué la (des)colonización epistémica es un problema en primer lugar y pone en evidencia algunas de las diferencias claves entre varios enfoques distintos a la descolonización del conocimiento. La presente aclaración, afirmo, es crucial para vincular proyectos de descolonización teórica a programas políticos concretos y para superar un enfoque prima facie para la descolonización del conocimiento.

1. Adeeko, A. (2002). Trends in African Literature. En Africa Vol. 4: The End of Colonial Rule: Nationalism and Decolonization. Editado por Toyin Falola. Durham: Carolina Academic Press.
2. Adi, H. & Sherwood, M. (2003). Pan-African History: Political Figures from Africa and the Diaspora since 1787. Nueva York: Routledge.
3. Adjei, P.B. (2007). Decolonising Knowledge Production: The Pedagogic Relevance of Gandhian Satyagraha to Schooling and Education in Ghana, Canadian Journal of Education, 30(4), 1046-1067.
4. Allen, A. (2016). The End of Progress: Decolonizing the Normative Foundations of Critical Theory. Nueva York: Columbia University Press.
5. Anderson, E. (2004). Use of Value Judgments in Science: A General Argument, with Lessons from a Case Study of Feminist Research on Divorce, Hypatia, 19(1), 1-24.
6. Apffel-Marglin, F. & Marglin, S.A. (1996). Decolonizing Knowledge: From Development to Dialogue. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
7. Arowosegbe, J.O. (2008). Decolonising the social sciences in the global South: Claude Ake and the praxis of knowledge production in South Africa. Documento de trabajo. http://www.ascleiden.nl/Pdf/workingpaper79.pdf
8. Bañales, S. (2012). Decolonizing Being, Knowledge, and Power: Youth Activism in California at the Turn of the 21st Century. Disertación doctoral, University of California at Berkeley.
9. Berdan, F.F., Blanton, R.E., Boone, EH., Hodge, M.G. Smith, M.E. Umberger, E. (1996). Aztec Imperial Strategies. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection.
10. Bernal, M. (1987). Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
11. Bitter, L.M. (2013). Decolonizing Ecology through Rerooting Epistemologies. Pitzer Senior Theses. Paper 41. http://schlarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/41
12. Boulbina, S.L. & Cohen, J. (2012). Décoloniser les savoirs: Internationalisation des débats et des luttes, Mouvements 78 (invierno).
13. Boulbina, S.L. (2013). La décolonisation des savoirs et ses théories voyageuses, Revue Collège International e Philosophie, 2(78), 19-33.
14. Bourdieu, P. (2004). Science of Science and Reflexivity. (trad. Richard Nice). Chicago: Chicago University Press.
15. Bricker, V.R. & Bricker, H.M. (2011). Astronomy in the Maya Codices (Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society). American Philosophical Society.
16. Cabral, A. (2016). The Role of Culture in the Struggle for Independence. En Dan Wood (Ed. y trad.), Resistance and Decolonization, Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield International.
17. Cañizares-Esguerra, J. (2006). Nature, Empire, and Nation: Explorations of the History of Science in the Iberian World. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
18. Chamberlain, V.D, Carlson, J.B. & Young, M.J. (2005). Songs from the Sky: Indigenous Astronomical and Cosmological Traditions of the World. West Sussex, UK: Ocarina Books, Ltd.
19. Comaroff, J. & Comaroff, J.L. (2005). Naturing the Nation: Aliens, Apocalypse, and the Postcolonial State. En Thomas Blom Hansen y Finn Stepputat. (Eds.), Sovereign Bodies: Citizens, Migrants, and States in the Postcolonial World. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
20. Cope, Z. (2015). Divided World Divided Class: Global Political Economy and the Stratification of Labour Under Capitalism. Montreal: Kersplebedeb.
21. Denzin, N.K. & Giardina, M.D. (2007). Ethical Futures in Qualitative Research: Decolonizing the Politics of Knowledge. Londres: Routledge.
22. Dhanda, A. & Parashar, A. (2009). Introduction: Decolonisation of Knowledge: Whose Responsibility? En Amita Dhanda y Archana Parashar (Eds.). Decolonisation of Legal Knowledge. Londres: Routledge.
23. Díaz del Castillo, B. (1963). The Conquest of New Spain (trad. y prefacio J.M. Cohen). Londres: Penguin Books.
24. Diversi, M. & Moreira, C. (2009). Betweener Talk: Decolonizing Knowledge Production, Pedagogy, and Praxis. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, Inc.
25. Dussel, E. (1977). Filosofía de la Liberación. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica.
26. Dussel, E. (2012). Meditaciones anticartesianas: sobre el origen del antidiscurso filosófico de la modernidad. En Ramón Grosfoguel y Roberto Almanza Hernández (Eds.), Lugares Descoloniales: Espacios de intervención en las Américas. Bogotá: Editorial Pontificia Universidad Javeriana.
27. Dussel, E. (2003). Philosophy of Liberation. Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock.
28. Ellingson, T. (2001). The Myth of the Noble Savage. Berkeley: University of California Press.
29. Esmeir, S. (2015). On the Coloniality of Modern Law, Critical Analysis of Law, 2(1), 19-41.
30. Eudey, B. (2014). Decolonizing Knowledge: Social Justice Aims of Women’s and Gender Studies. Artículo presentado en la convención anual de la National Women’s Studies Association, Oakland Marriott City Center, Oakland, CA.
31. Fanon, F. (2008). Black Skin, White Masks. Nueva York: Grove Press. Fanon, F. A Dying Colonialism. Nueva York: Grove Press, 1967.
32. Fanon, F. (2015). Écrits sur l’aliénation et la liberté: Oeuvres II (comp. Jean Khalfa y Robert Young). París: La Découverte.
33. Fanon, F. (2004). The Wretched of the Earth. (trad. Richard Philcox). Nueva York: Grove Press.
34. Fernandes, E.R. (2014). Ruptura epistêmica, decolonialidade e povos indígenas. Ensino de Filosofia, Gênero e Diversidade: Pensando o Ensino de Filosofia na Escola, 12, 52-72.
35. Foias, A.E. (2013). Ancient Maya Political Dynamics. Gainsville: University of Florida Press.
36. Forbis, M.M. (2015). After autonomy: the zapatistas, insurgent indigeneity, and decolonization, Settler Colonial Studies (octubre).
37. Foucault, M. (2010). The Archaeology of Knowledge, and the Discourse on Language. Nueva York: Vintage Books.
38. Foucault, M. (1980). Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972- 1977. Nueva York: Pantheon Books.
39. Foucault, M. (2003). Psychiatric Power: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1973-1974. (ed. Jacques Lagrange; trad. Graham Burchell). Nueva York: Picador.
40. French, S. (2007). Science: Key Concepts in Philosophy. Londres: Continuum.
41. Fricker, M. (2009). Epistemic Injustice: Power and the Ethics of Knowing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
42. García, M.E. (2014). Encounters with Interculturalidad: (Un) Learning Indigeneity and Decolonizing Knowledge in the Andes. En Brian Klopotek y Brenda Child (Eds.), Indian Subjects: New Directions in the History of Indigenous Education. Santa Fe: School for Advanced Research Press.
43. Garcia dos Santos, L. (2008). High-Tech Plundering, Biodiversity, and Cultural Erosion: The Case of Brazil. En Boaventura de Sousa Santos (Ed.), Another Knowledge is Possible: Beyond Northern Epistemologies. Nueva York: Verso.
44. Geniusz, W.M. (2009). Our Knowledge is Not Primitive: Decolonizing Botanical Anishinaabe Teachings. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.
45. Gordon, L. (2010). Fanon on Decolonizing Knowledge. En Elizabeth A. Hoppe y Tracey Nicholls (Eds.), Fanon and the Decolonization of Philosophy. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
46. Gordon, L. (2007). Problematic People and Epistemic Decolonization: Toward the Postcolonial in Africana Political ftought. En Nalini Persram (Ed.), Postcolonialism and Political Theory. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
47. Graeber, D. (2015). Radical alterity is just another way of saying “reality”: A Reply to Eduardo Viveiros de Castro. Hau: Journal of Ethnographic Theory, 5(2), 1-41.
48. Grosfoguel, R. (2007). Descolonizando los universalismos occidentales. En Santiago Castro-Gómez y Ramón Grosfoguel (Eds.), El giro decolonial: Reflexiones para una diversidad epistémica más allá del capitalismo global. Bogotá: Pontificia Universidad Javeriana.
49. Güven, F. (2010). Hegel, Fanon, and the Problem of Negativity in the Postcolonial. En Elizabeth A. Hoppe y Tracey Nicholls (Eds.), Fanon and the Decolonization of Philosophy. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
50. Harrison, F.V. (1997). Decolonizing Anthropology: Moving further toward an Anthropology for Liberation. American Anthropological Association.
51. Hart, R. (1999). On the Problem of Chinese Science. En Mario Biagioli (Ed.), The Science Studies Reader. Londres: Routledge.
52. Headrick, D.R. (1981). The Tools of Empire: Technology and European Imperialism in the Nineteenth Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
53. Hearn, J. (2012). Theorizing Power. Nueva York: Palgrave Macmillan.
54. Hobsbawm, E. & Ranger, T. (2012). The Invention of Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
55. Holbrook, J., Medupe, R.T. & Urama, J.O. (2008). African Cultural Astronomy Current Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy Research in Africa. Nueva York: Springer.
56. Hoppe, E.A. & Nicholls, T. (Eds.) (2010). Fanon and the Decolonization of Philosophy. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
57. Isasi-Díaz, A.M. & Mendietta, E. (2011). Decolonizing Epistemologies: Latina/o Theology and Philosophy. NuevaYork: Fordham University Press.
58. Janer, Z. (2010). (In)Edible Nature: New World Food and Coloniality. En Walter Mignolo y Arturo Escobar (Eds.), Globalization and the Decolonial Option. Nueva York: Routledge.
59. Jiméacute;nez Estrada, V.M. (2012). Indigenous Maya Knowledge and the Possibility of Decolonizing Education in Guatemala. Disertación doctoral, University of Toronto.
60. Jones, B.G. (2006). Decolonizing International Relations. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, Inc.
61. Kangas, A. & Salmenniemi, S. (2016). Decolonizing knowledge: neoliberalism beyond the three worlds, Distinktion: Journal of Social Theory, 17(2), 210-227.
62. Knauss, P.R. (1987). The Persistence of Patriarchy: Class, Gender, and Ideology in Twentieth Century Algeria. Nueva York: Praeger.
63. Lazreg, M. (1994). The Eloquence of Silence: Algerian Women in Question. Nueva York: Routledge.
64. Lévy-Bruhl, L. (2015). How Natives Think. (trad. Lilian A. Clare). Eastford, CT: Martino Fine Books.
65. Loomba, A. (2015). Colonialism/Postcolonialism (3.a ed.). London: Routledge.
66. López, A.M. (2015). Interactions Between ‘Indigenous’ and ‘Colonial’ Astronomies: Adaptation of Indigenous Astronomies in the Modern World. En Handbook of Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy. Nueva York: Springer.
67. Maldonado-Torres, N. (2008). Against War: Views from the Underside of Modernity. Durham, Duke University Press.
68. Mamdani, M. (1996). Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press.
69. Mamdani, M. (1999). Historicizing Power and Responses to Power: Indirect Rule and its Reform, Social Research 66(3) (otoño), 859-886.
70. Mannoni, O. (1990). Prospero and Caliban: The Psychology of Colonization. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.
71. Mbembe, A. (n.d.). Decolonizing Knowledge and the Question of the Archive. [PDF]. Recuperado de http://wiser.wits.ac.za/system/files/Achille%20Mbembe%20-%20Decolonizing%20Knowledge%20and%20the%20Question%20of%20the%20Archive.pdf
72. McCulloch, J. (1983). Negritude. En Black Soul, White Artifact: Fanon’s Clinical Psychology and Social Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
73. Medina, J. (2013). The Epistemology of Resistance: Gender and Racial Oppression, Epistemic Injustice, and Resistant Imaginations. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
74. Mignolo, W. (2000). Local Histories/Global Designs: Coloniality, Subaltern Knowledges, and Border Thinking. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
75. Mignolo, W. & Escobar, A. (2010). Globalization and the Decolonial Option. Nueva York: Routledge.
76. Mills, Ch.W. (2007). White Ignorance. En Shannon Sullivan y Nancy Tuana (Eds.), Race and Epistemologies of Ignorance. Nueva York: State University of New York Press.
77. Mills, Ch. (2014). Decolonizing Global Mental Health: The Psychiatrization of the Majority World. Nueva York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
78. Mohanty, Ch. Feminism without Borders: Decolonizing Theory, Practicing Solidarity. Durham & London: Duke University Press, 2003.
79. Monterroso, A. (1995). Complete Works and Other Stories. Austin: University of Texas Press.
80. Morgensen, S.L. (2011). Spaces between Us: Queer Settler Colonialism and Indigenous Decolonization. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
81. Morriss, P. (2002). Power: A Philosophical Analysis. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
82. Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S.J. & Zondi, S. (2016). Decolonizing the University, Knowledge Systems and Disciplines in Africa. Durham, Carolina Academic Press.
83. Negri, A. & Hardt, M. (2000). Empire. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
84. Nietzsche, F. (2000). Basic Writings of Nietzsche. (trad. y ed. Walter Kaufman). Nueva York: fte Modern Library.
85. Nissim-Sabat, M. (2010). Fanonian Musings: Decolonizing/Philosophy/Psychiatry. En Elizabeth A. Hoppe y Tracey Nicholls (Eds.), Fanon and the Decolonization of Philosophy. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
86. Oduwole, E. (2011). The Concept of Truth in an African Language: An Exercise in Conceptual Decolonization. Saarbrüken, Alemania: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing.
87. Oland, M., Hart, S., & Frink, L. (2012). Decolonizing Indigenous Histories: Exploring Prehistoric/Colonial Transitions in Archaeology. Tucson: fte University of Arizona Press.
88. Pahuja, S. (2011). Decolonising International Law: Development, Economic Growth and the Politics of Universality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
89. Petersen, K.H. & Rutherford, A. (1988). A Double Colonization: Colonial and Post- Colonial Women’s Writing. Inland Book Co.
90. Pieterse, J.N. & Parekh, B. (1995). The Decolonization of Imagination: Culture, Knowledge and Power. Londres: Zed Books.
91. Quijano, A. (2010). Coloniality and Modernity/Rationality. En Walter Mignolo y Arturo Escobar (Eds.), Globalization and the Decolonial Option. Nueva York: Routledge.
92. Rabaka, R. (2010). Against Epistemic Apartheid: W. E. B. Dubois and the Disciplinary Decadence of Sociology. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
93. Rabaka, R. (2016). The Negritude Movement: W.E.B. Dubois, Leon Damas, Aime Cesaire, Leopold Senghor, Frantz Fanon, and the Evolution of an Insurgent Idea. Lanham: Lexington Books.
94. Said, E. (1993). Culture and Imperialism. Nueva York: Knopf.
95. Sanders, D. (1999). Indigenous peoples: Issues of definition, International Journal of Cultural Property 8, 4-13.
96. Sandoval, C., Moreno, D., Mojica Lagunas, R., Montelongo, L.T. & Juárez Díaz, M. (2016). Ancestral Knowledge Systems: A conceptual framework for decolonizing research in social science, AlterNative, 12(1), 18-31.
97. Santos, Boaventura de Sousa. (2014). Epistemologies of the South: Justice against Epistemicide. Londres: Routledge.
98. Santos, B. de S. (1998). La globalización del derecho: los nuevos caminos de la regulación y la emancipación. Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
99. Santos, B. de S., Nunes, J.A. & Meneses, M.P. (2008). Introduction: Opening Up the Canon of Knowledge and the Recognition of Difference. En Boaventura de Sousa Santos (Ed.), Another Knowledge is Possible: Beyond Northern Epistemologies. Nueva York: Verso.
100. Senghor, L. (1976). Pour une Relecture Africaine de Marx et d’Engels. Sénégal. Coloquio sobre el liberalismo planificado y las vías africanas hacia el socialismo. Túnez: Éthiopiques: Revue Socialiste de Culture Négro-Africaine, 5, 4-18.
101. Senghor, L. (1977). Socialisme et Liberté, Éthiopiques: Revue Socialiste de Culture Négro-Africaine, 12, 4-10.
102. Serequeberhan, T. (2012). Decolonization and the Practice of Philosophy. En Nicholas M. Creary (Ed.) African Intellectuals and Decolonization. Ohio University Research in International Studies. Athens: Ohio University Press.
103. Shani, G. (2010). De-colonizing Foucault, International Political Sociology, 4(2), 210-212. Sharp, G. (2012). From Dictatorship to Democracy. Londres: Serpent’s Tail Press.
104. Sherwood, J. (2010). Do no harm: decolonising Aboriginal health research. Disertación doctoral. University of New South Wales. Marzo.
105. Shiva, V. (1997). Biopiracy: The Plunder of Nature and Knowledge. Boston, MA: South End Press.
106. Simpson, L. (2001). Aboriginal Peoples and Knowledge: Decolonizing Our Processes, The Canadian Journal of Native Studies, 21(1), 137-148.
107. Skafish, P. (2016). fte Metaphysics of Extra-Moderns: On the Decolonization of ftought: A Conversation with Eduardo Viveiros de Castro. Common Knowledge, 22(3), 393-413.
108. Smith, L.T. (1999). Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples. Nueva York y Londres: Zed Books.
109. Sprajc, I. (2000). Astronomical alignments at the Templo Mayor of Tenochtitlan, Mexico. Journal for the History of Astronomy, 31(11) (diciembre), S11-S40.
110. Steele, J.M. (2015). Astronomy and Politics. En Handbook of Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy. Nueva York: Springer.
111. Steele, J.M. (2000). Observations and predictions of eclipse times by early astronomers. Nueva York: Springer.
112. Taylor, C. (2010). Fanon, Foucault, and the Politics of Psychiatry. En Elizabeth A. Hoppe y Tracey Nicholls (Eds.), Fanon and the Decolonization of Philosophy. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
113. Thiong’o, N. (1981). Decolonising the Mind: The Politics of Language in African Literature. Suffolk, UK: Boydell and Brewer Ltd.
114. Urdang, S. (1979). Fighting Two Colonialisms: Women in Guinea-Bissau. Nueva York: Monthly Review Press.
115. Uwodi, M.M. (2003). La Philosophie et l’africanité: critique d’un intellectualisme fermé. París: L’Harmattan.
116. Vergès, F. (1996). To Cure and to Free: fte Fanonian Project of ‘Decolonized Psychiatry’. En Lewis R. Gordon, Denean Sharpley-Whiting, y Renée T. White. (Eds.), Fanon: A Critical Reader. Oxford: Blackwell.
117. Visvanathan, S. (2008). Between Cosmology and System: The Heuristics of a Dissenting Imagination. En Boaventura de Sousa Santos (Ed.), Another Knowledge is Possible: Beyond Northern Epistemologies. Nueva York: Verso.
118. Viveiros de Castro, E. (2014). Cannibal Metaphysics: For a Post-Structural Anthropology. Minneapolis: Univocal.
119. Viveiros de Castro, E. (2015). The Relative Native: Essays On Indigenous Conceptual Worlds. Chicago: Hau Books.
120. Walker, Ch.F. (2014). The Tupac Amaru Rebellion. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
121. Whelshula, M. (1999). Healing through decolonization: a study in the deconstruction of the Western scientific paradigm and the process of retribalizing among Native Americans. Disertación doctoral, California Institute of Integral Studies.
122. Whitt, L. (2009). Science, Colonialism, and Indigenous Peoples: The Cultural Politics of Law and Knowledge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
123. Williams, M. (2001). Problems of Knowledge: A Critical Introduction to Epistemology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
124. Williams Jr., R.A. (2012). Savage Anxieties: The Invention of Western Civilization. Nueva York: Palgrave Macmillan.
125. Wiredu, K. (1995). Conceptual Decolonization in African Philosophy. Ibadan, Nigeria: Hope Publications.
126. Wood, D. (2014). Descolonizando las Historias Biopolíticas con Amílcar Cabral, Tabula Rasa: Revista de Humanidades, 20 (enero-junio), 69-87.
127. Wood, D. (2016). Imbrications of Coloniality: An Introduction to Cabralist Critical fteory in Relation to Contemporary Struggles. En Dan Wood (Ed. y trad.), Resistance and Decolonization, Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield International. Wood, D. (2017). Immanence, Nonbeing, and Truth in the Work of Fanon, CLR James Journal 23(1-2).
128. Wood, D. (2014). Marxian Displacements in Bachir Hadj Ali’s Narrative of Algerian Liberation. Philosophia Africana, 16(1) (Mayo-Junio), 25-42.
129. Wood, D. (2016). Political Philosophy and the Vestiges of Colonialism: A Critical Analysis of Žižek’s Leftist Plea for Eurocentrism, Radical Philosophy Review, 19(2).
130. Wood, D. (2013). Revisiting La Question: A Political-Phenomenological Critique of Merleau-Ponty’s Assessment of Algerian Decolonization, Studies in Social and Political Thought 22 (invierno), 11-29
131. Wood, D. (2016). Space, Governmentalities, and Resistance: Lessons from the Casbah. En Dialectics of Space and Place across Virtual and Corporeal Topographies. Editado por June Jordan, Carl Haddrell, and Christine Alegria. Oxford: Inter-Disciplinary Press.
132. Wordsworth, W. (2008). The Major Works including the Prelude. (Ed. Stephen Gill). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
133. Young, R.J.C. (1990). White Mythologies. Nueva York: Routledge.
134. Ziólkowski, M. & Lebeuf, A. (1990). Were the Incas able to predict lunar eclipses? En Clive N. Ruggles (Ed.), Archaeoastronomy in the 1990s. Loughborough, UK: Group D Publications Ltd.