Estrategias diagnósticas utilizadas para detectar deficiencias de hierro subclínicas y asociadas a enfermedades crónicas

Diagnostic strategies for detecting subclinical iron deficiencies and associated to chronic diseases

La homeostasis y las variaciones fisiológicas horarias en el metabolismo del hierro se constituyen en verdaderos desafíos para los expertos, quienes intentan diseñar pruebas altamente sensibles y específicas que cuantifiquen los niveles circulantes y de depósito de este elemento, su repercusión en la eritropoyesis, cuantificación de las proteínas, transportadores y receptores involucrados en el proceso, a fin de descartar la presencia de estados carenciales. Las deficiencias de hierro pasan por tres fases; las dos primeras son las más difíciles de identificar porque son subclínicas, más aún, cuando pueden cursar simultáneamente con enfermedades crónicas inflamatorias, infecciosas y neoplásicas que de por sí son anemizantes. En este trabajo se revisarán las principales pruebas de laboratorio utilizadas para la identificación de deficiencias de hierro, sensibilidad, especificidad, ventajas y limitaciones para su uso.

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75. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/24629448.337