Defensa por demencia en cargos de ofensa penal

Insanity Defense in Criminal Offenses Charges

El presente documento trata sobre el concepto de responsabilidad, término legal que se define como la calidad de una persona para comprender las consecuencias que traerá el desempeño  voluntario de un acto ilegal, y como tal debe ser responsable, procesado legalmente y hallado legalmente responsable por el acto cometido.

El testigo médico experto en este tipo de casos juega un papel vital en la decisión final que puede llevar el juicio en el momento del veredicto.

1. United States v. Hinckey, 529 F. Supp. 520 (1982).
2. Comprehensive Crime Control Act, Public Law 98-473-October 12, 1984, 98 STAT. 1837.
3. Insanity Defense Reform Act of 1984, Pub. Law No. 98-473, 98 Stat. 2057 (codified as amended at 18 U.S.C §4.01 (1) (1962).
4. Yates v. Texas, 171 SW. 3 d 215, 222 (Tex. App. 2005).
5. Necrophilia, also known as necrophilism is a sexual attraction or sexual act involving corpses. Webster’s Intermediate Dictionary. G.& C. Merriam Company, Publishers Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.A. 1977. It is classified as a paraphilia by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) of the American Psychiatric Association.
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7. M’Naghten’s case, 8 Eng. Rep. 718, SEng. Rep. 722 (1843).
8. Delusion: a false belief that persists despite the facts and is common in some psychotic states. Webster’s Intermediate Dictionary. G.& C. Merriam Company, Publishers. Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.A. 1977. Pp. 195.
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12. United States v. Hinckley, 672 F.2d 115(D.C. Cir. 1982).
13. Freeman, 4 Denio 8 [sic] (1847). First use of the insanity defense in the United States. Available at: http://www.nycounts.gov/history-new-york/legal-history-eras-02/history-new-york-legal-eras-people-freeman.html.
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19. Sauer v. United States, 241 F. 2d 640(9th Cir. 1957).
20. Durham v. U.S., 94 U.S. App. D.C. 228, 214 F. 2d 862 (1954).
21. Washington v. U.S., 129 U.S. App. D.C. 29, 390 F. 2d 444 (1967).
22. Frendak v. U.S., 408 A. 2d 364 (1979).
23. Jones v. U.S., 463 U.S. 354, 103 S. Ct. 3043 (1983).
24. Foucha v. Louisiana, 112 S. Ct. 1780 (1992).
25. Clark v. Arizona, 548 U.S. 735, 126 S. Ct. 2709 (2006).
26. Andersen v. United States, 237 F. 2d 118, (1956).
27. Steele, Scott (May 20, 1996), “Abbotsford Killer Arrested”, Macleans. The Canadian Encyclopedia.
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32. Campos Rodríguez v. Pueblo de Puerto Rico, Tribunal de Apelaciones. Caso Número: KLAN2011-0769 (2012). [Translation by the author: Campos Rodriguez v. Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Court of Appeals. Case Number: KLAN2011-0769. (2012)].
34. Goldstein, Abraham S., The Insanity Defense, (1967). pp. 100-179. Yale University Press.
35. Moran, R. (1985). The Origen of as a Special Verdict: The Trial for Treason of James Hadfield. Law and Society Review. pp. 19, 487-519.
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44. Turkewitz, J. (2015, July 9). Aurora Gunman Legally Insane, Psychiatrist Says. The New York Times. pp. A19.
45. Fifth Amendment: “No person shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law..” [U.S. Const. Amend. V].
46. Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, 509 U.S. 579 (1993).
47. Pub. L. 93–595, Jan. 2, 1975, 88 Stat. 1926, enacted the Federal Rules of Evidence proposed by the Supreme Court, with amendments made by Congress, to take effect on July 1, 1975.
48. The Model Penal Code (MPC) is not law in any jurisdiction of the United States; however, it served and continues to serve as a basis for the replacement of existing criminal codes in over two-thirds of the states. Many states adopted portions of the MPC, but only states such as New Jersey, New York, and Oregon have enacted almost all of the provisions of it.
49. American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., Text Revision). Washington, DC.
50. The People of the State of Colorado v. James Holmes, 12CR1522.
51. Fingarette, H. and Fingarette A. (1979). Mental Disabilities and Criminal Responsibility. pp.148-153.
52. Rogers, R. and Shuman, D.W. (2000). Conducting Insanity Evaluations. (2nd ed.). pp.5-78. Guilford Press.
53. Hays, J. (2002). State of Texas v. Andrea Yates. Retrieved from The National Psychologist at: http://nationalpsychologist.com/2002/05/state-of-texas-v-andrea-yates/10608.html
54. Silva, J.; Ferrari, M. and Leong, G. (2002). The Case of Jeffrey Dahmer:Sexual Serial. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 47 (6).