Saltar para menu de navegação principal Saltar para conteúdo principal Saltar para rodapé do site

Respeitar a diversidade cultural na ética aplicada à IA : uma nova abordagem para uma governança multicultural



Abrir | Descarga


Secção
Artículos originales internacionales

Como Citar
Goffi, E., & Momcilovic, A. (2022). Respeitar a diversidade cultural na ética aplicada à IA : uma nova abordagem para uma governança multicultural. Misión Jurídica, 15(23), 111-122. https://doi.org/10.25058/1794600X.2135

Dimensions
PlumX
Licença

DERECHOS RESERVADOS DE AUTOR

Todo documento incluido en la revista puede ser reproducido total o parcialmente, siempre y cuando se respete su contenido original, se cite la fuente y se use con fines académicos no comerciales. Misión Jurídica y su contenido se encuentra protegido bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivar 4.0 Internacional.

Licencia Creative Commons
Misión Jurídica por Misión Jurídica se distribuye bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivar 4.0 Internacional.
Basada en una obra en http://unicolmayor.edu.co/publicaciones/index.php/mjuridica/index.
Permisos que vayan más allá de lo cubierto por esta licencia pueden encontrarse en http://unicolmayor.edu.co/publicaciones/index.php/mjuridica/index.

Aco Momcilovic

    Emmanuel Goffi,

    is a philosopher of artificial intelligence. He is the co-Founder and co-Director of the Global AI Ethics Institute in Paris.

    He is also and a Research Member of the Z-Inspection® Initiative, an associate faculty at the Big Data Lab of the Goethe Universität in Frankfurt, Germany, a research fellow with the Centre for Defence and Security Studies at the University of Manitoba, in Winnipeg, Canada and Honorary member of the Éthique, Langue, Communication et Numérique Team of the Université Mohammed Premier in Oujda, Morocco. Emmanuel is also an advisor in ethical standardization for Huawei.

    Dr Goffi has served in the French Air Force for 27 years. He holds a PhD in Political Science from Science Po-CERI, and a master's degree in political science from Science Po, as well as a research master's degree in political science from the Institut d’Etudes Politiques d’Aix en Provence.

    Emmanuel Goffi is the author and the co-editor of several books and has written numerous articles and book chapters in French and English. He is regularly invited to give talks and lectures, and to participate to expert meetings in France and abroad.


    Aco Momcilovic,

    is the creator and researcher of the National AI Capital concept, and co-Founder and o-Director of Global AI Ethics Institute, Paris.

    He is Visiting Professor at the Swiss School of Business and Management - Human Resources Management. Additionally, he is lecturing in different business schools on different human resources topics, corporate culture, and other business-related subjects.

    Aco is a Ph.D. Researcher at the University of Dubrovnik – Digital Economy. He holds an Executive MBA from Cotrugli Business School in Zagreb. He attended programs in psychology at the Faculty of Philosophy at the University of Zagreb (FFZG), in Neuro Linguistic Programming at the NLP Leadership Academy, and Integral School of Organizational Development (ISOD).

    He held positions in human resources (HR) with Ledo, L’Oreal Adria, and Billa - REWE Group, and as a HR consultant on different projects in several industries. He was also Chief human resources officer in Rimac Automobili, and EU Funds Project Manager.

    Since 2018, he is the owner of FutureHR company, working as a human resources and business expert and consultant for different companies.

    Aco Momcilovic is also Chairman of the Supervisory Board of MBA Croatia, an association that is gathering all MBA alumni in Croatia, and founder and former President of business-humanitarian organization POZA. He is also part of the Meeting G2 project – which is connecting businesspeople from the Croatian diaspora. He is one of the founders and a member of the Supervisory Board of the Voice of Entrepreneurs association, the biggest association of Small and medium-sized enterprises in Croatia.


    A inteligência artificial parece fazer parte do nosso dia a dia. Para alguns, representa a promessa de um mundo melhor e muitas melhorias que seriam benéficas para a humanidade. Para outros, a IA é vista como uma ameaça, se não uma ameaça existencial que precisa ser rigorosamente controlada. Seja qual for a posição, a necessidade de regular a IA é agora amplamente reconhecida. Sem um instrumento legal que ofereça uma estrutura específica para o desenvolvimento e uso da IA, a ética foi convocada para estabelecer padrões e estabelecer barreiras. No entanto, o número de documentos referentes a padrões éticos para IA aumentou exponencialmente até chegar a um ponto em que é difícil saber como usá-los com eficiência. Esses documentos foram emitidos principalmente para promover interesses adquiridos, e a definição de um código universal de ética em IA tem sido vista como uma solução para a governança global de IA. Se um sistema de governança global é necessário para evitar resultados negativos da IA, parece que a ideia de um código de ética universal nega a diversidade de pontos de vista éticos baseados na diversidade de culturas filosóficas de que o mundo é feito. Em vez de oferecer uma ferramenta legítima e eficiente, tal solução poderia levar a tensões culturais entre os principais atores no campo da IA, como é o caso da China e dos Estados Unidos. Para evitar situações conflitantes decorrentes da negação da diversidade cultural, é mais do que nunca necessário deixar de lado a ideia de um código universal de IA


    Visualizações de artigos 313 | Visitas em PDF 239


    Downloads

    Os dados de download ainda não estão disponíveis.
    1. Jobin, Anna, Ienca, Marcello and Vayena, Effy. “The Global Landscape of AI Ethics Guidelines.” Nature Machine Intelligence 1.9 (2019): 389-99.
    2. Zeng, Yi, Lu, Enmeng, and Huangfu, Cunqing. “Linking Artificial Intelligence Principles.” CEUR Workshop Proceedings 2301, paper 15 (2019).
    3. Jelinek, Thorsten. “The Future Rulers? On Artificial Intelligence Ethics and
    4. Governance.” In Billows W. and Körber S. Reset Europe: Time For Culture To Give Europe New Momentum. Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (2020): 244-252.
    5. OECD. Recommendation of the Council on Artificial Intelligence. OECD Legal Instrument 0449 (2021). Available at
    6. UNESCO. Preliminary report on the first draft of the Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. (2020). Available at https://events.unesco.org/event?id=515530304
    7. HLEGAI - High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence. Ethics guidelines for Trustworthy AI. European Commission (2019). Available at file:///D:/Publications/En%20cours/ICSSD/ai_hleg_ethics_guidelines_for_trustworthy_ ai-en_87F84A41-A6E8-F38C-BFF661481B40077B_60419.pdf
    8. G20. Ministerial Statement on Trade and Digital Economy. Tsukuba City, Japan, 8-9 June 2019. Available at https://www.mofa.go.jp/files/000486596.pdf
    9. CAHAI - Ad hoc Committee on Artificial Intelligence. “Towards regulation of AI systems: Global perspectives on the development of a legal framework on Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems based on the Council of Europe’s standards on human rights, democracy and the rule of law.” Council of Europe (2020). Available at https://rm.coe.int/prems-107320-gbr-2018-compli-cahai-couv-texte-a4-bat-web/1680a0c17a
    10. Bielby, Jared. “Comparative philosophies in intercultural information ethics.”
    11. Confluence: Online Journal of World Philosophies 2 (2015): 233-253.
    12. IEEE. Ethically Aligned Design First Edition: Prioritizing Human Wellbeing with Autonomous and Intelligent Systems. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (2019). https://standards.ieee.org/content/dam/ieee-standards/standards/web/documents/other/ead1e.pdf?utm_medium=undefined&utm_source=undefined&utm_campaign=undefined&utm_content=undefined&utm_term=und efined
    13. European Commission. Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council, laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (artificial intelligence act) and amending certain union legislative acts. COM(2021) 206 final, 2021/0106(COD). Brussels (2021). Available at https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52021PC0206&from=EN
    14. Aristotle. History of Animals. Translated by D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson. The Internet Classics Archive (2000). Available at http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/history_anim.html
    15. Lovejoy, Arthur O. The Great Chain of Being: A Study of the History of an Idea. Harvard University Press (1964).
    16. Heidegger, Martin. The Question Concerning Technology.1958.
    17. Simondon, Gilbert. On the Mode of Existence of Technical Objects. Translated form French by Cécile Malaspina and John Rogove. Univocal Publishing (2017) [1958].
    18. Feenberg, Andrew. Transforming Technology: A Critical Theory Revisited. Oxford University Press (2002).
    19. Evans, Lewis. The Satires of Juvenal, Persius, Sulpici, and Luculius. Henry G. Bohn (1860).
    20. Goffi, Emmanuel R. “Escaping the Western Cosm-Ethical Hegemony: The Importance of Cultural Diversity in the Ethical Assessment of Artificial Intelligence.” AI Ethics Journal 2(2)-1 (2021).
    21. Auernhammer, Jan. “Human-centered AI: The role of Human-centered Design Research in the development of AI.” In Boess, S., Cheung, M., and Cain, R. (eds.). Synergy - DRS International Conference 2020, (2020). Available at https://dl.designresearchsociety.org/drs-conference-papers/drs2020/researchpapers/89/
    22. Hagendorf, Thilo. “The Ethics of AI Ethics: An Evaluation of Guidelines.” Minds and Machines 30 (2020): 99-120. Available at https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11023-020-09517-8.pdf
    23. Greene, Daniel, Hoffmann, Anna Lauren, and Stark, Luke. “Better, Nicer, Clearer, Fairer: A Critical Assessment of the Movement for Ethical Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning.” HICSS (2019).
    24. Fjeld, Jessica, Achten, Nele, Hilligoss, Hannah, Nagy, Adam, Adam, and Srikumar, Madhulika. “Principled Artificial Intelligence: Mapping Consensus in Ethical and Rights- Based Approaches to Principles for AI.” Berkman Klein Center Research Publication, 2020.1 (2020).
    25. United Nations. Universal Declaration of Human Rights. United Nations General Assembly, Paris (1948). Available at https://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/217(III)
    26. UNDP. Human Development Report. Oxford Oxford University Press (1994). Available at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/255/hdr_1994_en_complete_nostats.pdf
    Sistema OJS 3.4.0.5 - Metabiblioteca |