Evaluación de una estrategia educativa sobre tuberculosis y diabetes mellitus para personal de salud de atención primaria en México

Evaluation of an educational strategy on tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus for primary health care workers in Mexico

Antecedentes. En la literatura se ha identificado una asociación fuerte entre la tuberculosis y la diabetes mellitus, asimismo, algunos estudios han reportado un nivel bajo de conocimiento de esta relación por parte del personal de salud. Objetivos. Explorar el cambio en los conocimientos y actitudes del personal de salud de atención primaria sobre epidemiología y políticas públicas de la asociación de Tuberculosis (TB) y Diabetes (DM) después de una sesión de entrenamiento. Material y Métodos. Diseño de medición pre-post intervención de un solo grupo de 31 participantes, mediante un cuestionario estructurado autodiligenciado construido ad hoc. Se utilizaron las pruebas de rangos signados de Wilcoxon para estimar diferencias entre las evaluaciones pre y post, análisis de correlaciones y la prueba Chi cuadrada. Se consideró un conocimiento adecuado a puntajes mayores a 70%. Resultados. El 12,9% de los participantes tuvieron conocimientos adecuados en la evaluación previa, mientras que el 16,1% en la evaluación post. Hubo un aumento porcentual en el nivel de conocimientos (pre= 53,43% versus post= 58,27%) y actitudes (pre=89,56% versus post=96,29%); sin embargo, fue estadísticamente significativo sólo para las actitudes (p= 0.000). Conclusión. La evaluación inicial (pre) muestra la importancia y necesidad de entrenar al personal de salud para lograr el abordaje integral de un paciente con la asociación TB-DM.

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