COVID-19: una revisión de la evidencia en el ámbito pediátrico
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Nieto Duarte, G., Pichilingue, P., Aivasovsky Trotta, I., Castellanos Fernández, M., & Celis, L. G. (2020). COVID-19: una revisión de la evidencia en el ámbito pediátrico. NOVA, 18(35), 87-94. https://doi.org/10.22490/24629448.4191
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Autores
Gina Nieto Duarte
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0190-2586
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0190-2586
Patricia Pichilingue
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9142-4292
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9142-4292
Iván Aivasovsky Trotta
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0320-2735
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0320-2735
Marianna Castellanos Fernández
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5477-7200
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5477-7200
Luis Gustavo Celis
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0338-6258
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0338-6258
Resumen
En el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19, es importante la selección y el uso adecuado de los conocimientos nuevos y de aquellos adquiridos en situaciones históricas similares, para garantizar una correcta toma de decisiones en cuanto a la prevención, manejo y tratamiento de esta enfermedad en la población pediátrica. Desde inicios del 2020, la atención se ha focalizado en el control de la pandemia y en el manejo de los pacientes con esta enfermedad, cuya mayoría se encuentra en la población adulta. Sin embargo, recientemente se han observado cursos más severos de la enfermedad en pacientes pediátricos y lo que inicialmente se consideraba como una patología inofensiva ha generado mayores alertas en esta población por la presencia de complicaciones severas. Por lo anterior, la presente revisión busca determinar las últimas estrategias de prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento avaladas y soportadas por la evidencia científica, de manera que se aporten las herramientas necesaria para garantizar un manejo adecuado y disminuir, en la medida de lo posible, los desenlaces fatales en la población pediátrica.
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NOVA por http://www.unicolmayor.edu.co/publicaciones/index.php/nova se distribuye bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivar 4.0 Internacional.
Así mismo, los autores mantienen sus derechos de propiedad intelectual sobre los artículos.
Referencias
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3. Ludvigsson JF. Systematic review of COVID‐19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults. Acta Paediatr. junio de 2020;109(6):1088-95.
4. Zimmermann P, Curtis N. Coronavirus Infections in Children Including COVID-19: An Overview of the Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention Options in Children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. mayo de 2020;39(5):355-68.
5. Bi Q, Wu Y, Mei S, Ye C, Zou X, Zhang Z, et al. Epidemiology and transmission of COVID-19 in 391 cases and 1286 of their close contacts in Shenzhen, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. abril de 2020;S1473309920302875.
6. Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA. 7 de abril de 2020;323(13):1239.
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8. Qiu H, Wu J, Hong L, Luo Y, Song Q, Chen D. Clinical and epidemiological features of 36 children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Zhejiang, China: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. junio de 2020;20(6):689-96.
9. Shekerdemian LS, Mahmood NR, Wolfe KK, Riggs BJ, Ross CE, McKiernan CA, et al. Characteristics and Outcomes of Children With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection Admitted to US and Canadian Pediatric Intensive Care Units. JAMA Pediatr [Internet]. 11 de mayo de 2020 [citado 28 de junio de 2020]; Disponible en: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2766037
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12. Wolfe MK, Gallandat K, Daniels K, Desmarais AM, Scheinman P, Lantagne D. Handwashing and Ebola virus disease outbreaks: A randomized comparison of soap, hand sanitizer, and 0.05% chlorine solutions on the inactivation and removal of model organisms Phi6 and E. coli from hands and persistence in rinse water. Cameron DW, editor. PLOS ONE. 23 de febrero de 2017;12(2):e0172734.
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14. Butler MJ, Barrientos RM. The impact of nutrition on COVID-19 susceptibility and long-term consequences. Brain Behav Immun. julio de 2020;87:53-4.
15. Elmadfa I, Meyer AL. The Role of the Status of Selected Micronutrients in Shaping the Immune Function. Endocr Metab Immune Disord - Drug Targets. 11 de noviembre de 2019;19(8):1100-15.
16. Zhang L, Liu Y. Potential interventions for novel coronavirus in China: A systematic review. J Med Virol. mayo de 2020;92(5):4
79-90.
17. Gasmi A, Noor S, Tippairote T, Dadar M, Menzel A, Bjørklund G. Individual risk management strategy and potential therapeutic options for the COVID-19 pandemic. Clin Immunol. junio de 2020;215:108409.
18. Semba RD, Tang AM. Micronutrients and the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Br J Nutr. marzo de 1999;81(3):181-9.
19. Barazzoni R, Bischoff SC, Breda J, Wickramasinghe K, Krznaric Z, Nitzan D, et al. ESPEN expert statements and practical guidance for nutritional management of individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clin Nutr. junio de 2020;39(6):1631-8.
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21. Mullard A. COVID-19 vaccine development pipeline gears up. The Lancet. junio de 2020;395(10239):1751-2.
22. Sun J, Zhuang Z, Zheng J, Li K, Wong RL-Y, Liu D, et al. Generation of a Broadly Useful Model for COVID-19 Pathogenesis, Vaccination, and Treatment. Cell. junio de 2020;S0092867420307418.
23. Lu X, Zhang L, Du H, Zhang J, Li YY, Qu J, et al. SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children. N Engl J Med. 23 de abril de 2020;382(17):1663-5.
24. Castagnoli R, Votto M, Licari A, Brambilla I, Bruno R, Perlini S, et al. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. JAMA Pediatr [Internet]. 22 de abril de 2020 [citado 28 de junio de 2020]; Disponible en: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2765169
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26. Chiotos K, Bassiri H, Behrens EM, Blatz AM, Chang J, Diorio C, et al. Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children During the Coronavirus 2019 Pandemic: A Case Series. J Pediatr Infect Dis Soc. 28 de mayo de 2020;piaa069.
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28. Effect of Dexamethasone in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: Preliminary Report | medRxiv [Internet]. [citado 29 de junio de 2020]. Disponible en: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.06.22.20137273v1
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